Så er det vist tid for lidt islam/araber bashing?
Det er jo nu nogle år siden, vi her diskuterede, om det var rigtigt, at
muslimer tog samme afstand over for bombningen i WTC, som vesterlændinge
gjorde. Jeg tror de fleste mente, der kun var en lille håndfuld forkølede
arabere, som IKKE tog afstand fra terroraktionen, - men er det nu også
rigtigt?
Og hvordan er forholdet til al Queda, og andre af dem vesterlændinge kalder
terrorbevægelser?
Senere på året er der en konference i Madrid om terror og demokrati, og man
har før denne villet finde ud af, om vi overhovedet mener det samme, når vi
taler om "terror". Som man kan se nævnt nedenstående, så mener de fleste i
verden jo nok at terror er "forkert", men hvad ser man som terror, er der
stor forskel på.
Der er nu lavet en meget stor undersøgelse i fem arabiske lande, med fire
forskellige udsnit af befolkningerne, se nedenfor.
(Karin von Hippel, an advisor to the forthcoming Madrid summit on terror and
democracy, suggest a five points agenda for tackling terrorism while
retaining and strengthening democratic principles. )
The majority of the world's citizens - in the Arab world as much as in the
West - surely agree that terrorism is a bad thing. But can they agree on
what terrorism is? Democratic solutions to the question of political
violence require an attempt to develop an agreed language by which people
can debate these issues across national and cultural borders.
A beginning - which illuminates some issues but also raises further
questions - may be seen in the results of a large-scale survey research
project conducted by the Center for Strategic Studies (CSS)in Arab countries
at the University of Jordan in Mashreq.
The surveys were conducted in collaboration with partner institutions in
Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and Egypt across four samples in each
country (national, university students, business, and media). The questions
in the surveys addressed relations between Arabs and Western nations, and
the issue of terrorism in particular. They demonstrate that Arabs have
fundamental disagreements with the West (here defined as the US government's
own classification) over what is and is not terrorism.
Her har jeg taget tre spørgsmål ud af et skema:
Spørgsmål: Var nedenstående angreb terrorangreb?
Procent af de spurgte som sagde "ja":
Bombing of hotel in Morocco Jordan 50 Syrien 72 Libanon 75
Palæstina 30 Egypten 73
World Trade Center attacks 9/11 35 71
73 22 62
Attacks on Jewish synagogues
in Turkey 21
54 59 13 44
Man kan se at især mange jordanere og palæstinensere IKKE mener at angrebet
på WTC var en terrorhandling, og heller ikke fx angrebet på en jødisk
synagoge i Tyrkiet, eller bombningen af et hotel i Marokko.
Så har man spurgt om fem af de organisationer vi i Vesten anser for
terrororganisationer:
In respect to "organisations" respondents were presented with the following
list of six organizations listed by the United States government as
terrorist: Islamic Jihad Movement, Hamas, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades,
Hizbullah, Al-Qaeda, and Armed Islamic Jama'a (Algeria).
Respondents were asked to indicate whether they considered each a "terrorist
organisation" or a "legitimate resistance organisation" On average, across
country and sample categories, around 90% of respondents labelled The
Islamic Jihad Movement, Hamas, al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades and Hizbullah as
"legitimate resistance organisations." The exception here is Lebanon, where
a lower but still significant two thirds defined them as "legitimate
resistance organisations".
Altså ca 90% synes at Islamisk Jihad, Hamas osv er legitime
modstandsorganisationer
Respondents saw a distinct difference between the organisations listed above
and al-Qaeda, yet still significant numbers across the survey considered it
also to be a "legitimate resistance movement", although the results vary
widely from country to country: 8% in Syria, 18% in Lebanon and 41% in Egypt
saw it as a "legitimate resistance movement". In Palestine and Jordan the
figure is around two thirds. In Jordan there is a tendency to define
al-Qaeda as a terrorist organization as levels of exposure increase: it was
higher for business sample (33%) and higher still for media samples (48%).
Generally there is a clear trend among respondents to answer this question
with "do not know" or "refuse to answer". For example, within national
samples, 19% in Jordan, 49% in Syria, 27% in Lebanon, 21% in Palestine and
20% in Egypt indicated one of these two responses.
Med hensyn til al Queda så mener 8% i Syrien, 18% i Libanon, 41% i Egypten,
og ca to-tredjedele af jordanerne og palæstinenerne at det er en legitim
modstandsbevægelse. Og mange i alle landene siger "ved ikke", eller "nægter
at svare", så kan man jo forsøge gætte på, hvad de mon mener.
Så her var altså lidt syn for sagn, og man kan i hvert fald hurtigt se, at
man ser helt anderledes på sagen i de arabiske lande, end man gør i Vesten.
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http://www.opendemocracy.net/debates/article-2-103-2298.jsp