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Special karakterer
Because html uses '<' and '>' for tags, you have to be careful when actually
using a '<' or a '>' in your own text. What you have to do is use a special
code - respectively, '<' and '>'. There are various other symbols you
can enter like this, notably accented characters and things like copyright
('©').
Warning: in some of these, case is important. However, it should be obvious
whenever this is the case (i.e. for upper- and lower-case accents or
ligatures).
For quoting HTML:
<: < (less than, or begin tag)
>: > (greater than, or end tag)
&: &; (ampersand, or begin special character). Mosaic won't print this
apparently.
": " (quote mark)
Ligatures and other special characters
Æ: Æ (Capital AE)
æ: æ (Lower-case ae)
Ð: Ð (Icelandic upper-case eth)
ð: ð (Icelandic lower-case eth)
ß: ß (German double-s)
Þ: Þ (Icelandic upper-case thorn)
þ: þ (Icelandic lower-case thorn)
Accented characters:
&?acute;: Á,É,Í,Ó,Ú,Ý; á,é,í,ó,ú,ý (acute accent)
&?circ;: Â,Ê,Î,Ô,Û; â,ê,î,ô,û (circumflex accent)
&?grave;: À,È,Ì,Ò,Ù; à,è,ì,ò,ù (grave accent)
&?ring;: Å,å (ring)
&?tilde;: Ã,Ñ,Õ; ã,ñ,õ (tilde - looks unerringly like an umlaut on this
machine)
&?uml;: Ä,Ë,Ï,Ö,Ü; ä,ë,ï,ö,ü (umlaut)
&?cedil;: Ç,ç (cedilla)
&?slash;: Ø,ø (slash)
In all cases, replace the '?' by the appropriate vowel, so to get an e
acute, insert é in place of the 'e'. So to insert 'hétérogénéité' you
would include the following html:
'hétérogénéité'.
New in HTML+:
®: ® (Registered trademark)
©: © (Copyright)
—: - (em dash - width of an "M" character))
–: - (en dash - half the width of an "M")
 : (em space)
 : (en space)
: (non-breaking space)
­: (soft hyphen, normally invisible)
™: T (trademark sign)
Other characters
An alternative way of entering foreign characters or other miscellaneous
symbols is to enter the raw character code. This has the advantage of
allowing you to use characters that don't yet have a special HTML code (like
a pound sign £ for instance), but has the disadvantage that some viewers
won't like the code or display it properly. Codes between 129 and 159 are
unreliable, so don't use them.
The format is &#xxx;, where xxx is a number between 0 and 255 (but more
likely one between 160 and 255, as codes before 128 are either already
available on the keyboard or non-printable).
Because of the problems with characters between 129 and 159, the only really
useful character that doesn't have its own entity code is the pound sign £:
£
See the character code table for a complete list.
Character codes
These are the "safe" character codes you can use in HTML (although some
Macintoshes are quite nastily broken). Use in the form &#num;, e.g. £
for a pound sign (£).
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
160 ¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ ©
170 ª « ¬ ® ¯ ° ± ² ³
180 ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½
190 ¾ ¿ À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç
200 È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð Ñ
210 Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û
220 Ü Ý Þ ß à á â ã ä å
230 æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï
240 ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ù
250 ú û ü ý þ
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